Investigating the causes and rate of infant mortality of Baqiyatallah hospital from 2015 to 2020

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the causes and mortality rate of neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of Baqiyatallah Hospital from 2015 to 2020. Materials and Methods: This study was a retrospective longitudinal study. The statistical population of this study was all neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of Baqiyatallah Hospital in 2015-2020. Data were collected through a review of neonatal records and records using a researcher-made checklist that included demographic information, length of hospital stay, cause of death (asphyxia, sepsis, congenital anomalies, etc.). SPSS software version 25 was used to analyze the results. Results: The results showed that the NMR rate was equal to 4.4 patients per 1000 live births (total cases admitted to NICU 2689 people) and the highest NMR was related to 2016 (6.9 per 1000 live births). 58.5% of infant deaths were girls. The most common causes of neonatal mortality were respiratory distress syndrome with 41.5%, pneumothorax with 12.3%, sepsis with 4.6% and asphyxia with 4.6%. The most common diagnoses in neonates were pre-Machuriti hospitalization with 58.5%, respiratory distress syndrome with 13.8%, and intrauterine growth restriction with 9.2%. The most common maternal risk factors were multiple births with 18.5% and premature rupture of the bladder with 10.8%. Conclusion: The infant mortality rate in this hospital is at a desirable level compared to the national, regional and global average. The most common causes of neonatal mortality in this hospital are respiratory distress syndrome, pneumothorax, sepsis and asphyxia, respectively, and similar to others. Author Contribution: All authors are involved in the design of the study, data collection and analysis and interpretation, writing the article and reviewing it, and the present article is with the final approval of all authors. Conflict of Interest/Funding/Supports: The authors declare that have no conflict of interest/funding/supports in this study. Ethical Considerations: The present study was the result of a research dissertation with the code IR.BMSU.BAQ.REC.1399.052 in the ethics committee of Baqiyatallah Medical Center. Applicable Remarks: To help for understanding the major causes of mortality to prevent them in neonates.